基于CBR的注塑模结构智能设计系统研究

通过对基于事例推理 (CBR)技术及注塑模设计过程的分析 ,得出将CBR思想应用到注塑模结构设计中的可行性和必要性 ,提出了一个基于事例的注塑模结构智能设计系统的总体结构 ,并分析了关键技术的实现方法     

河南蒲塘、毛堂金矿稀土元素地球化学特征

稀土元素广泛用于岩浆起源、岩浆演化和岩石学领域，用于矿床成因研究和指导找矿只是近几年来的事。笔者通过对河南蒲塘、毛堂金矿不同类型矿石、岩石稀土元素研究，认为在氧化和热液作用下轻稀土元素淋失，重稀土元素相对富集，ΣLREE／ΣHREE比值和ΣREE降低，热液和表生氧化作用对稀土元素的影响是通过斜长石的形成与分解实现的。研究表明，矿化强度与δEu和ΣLRE／ΣHRE有一定的相关关系，这一关系可作为矿床评价的标志之一。     

城市生活垃圾在热解处理中的产气特性研究

通过对沈阳市皇姑区内的3个垃圾排放点进行实地采样并分类称量,得出其组分含量,得到了生活垃圾的主要物料组份.在此基础上在外加热固定床式热解试验台上,用热解实验的方法对8种城市生活垃圾中的主要物料中的典型成分进行热解试验.通过数据分析总结出不同工况下产气特性和热解气体的组分含量、热值,并建立热解气体析出模型进行产气量预测.     

Youth environmental attitudes in Australia and Brunei: implications for education

This paper explores similarities and differences in the knowledge, beliefs and actions that comprise the environmental attitudes of senior secondary school students in Australia and Brunei. Utilising data from a wider international study in Asia and the Pacific (Yencken et al. , 2000), the paper uses findings from these two countries to illustrate the pervasiveness of global environmental concerns over local cultural influences in the construction of youth environmental attitudes in Australia and Brunei. Thus, young people in these countries, as they do in all parts of the Asia-Pacific region, have very similar levels of environmental awareness and knowledge, sources of environmental, beliefs, systems or world views about the environment, and levels of perceived control over environmental trends. They also have a shared desire for schools to do more in the area of environmental education. The paper concludes that much more effort needs to be made in certain areas. The first is to encourage teachers and others who have influence over young people to develop their own knowledge and skills to be able to teach environmental education effectively. The second is in the area of curriculum and pedagogical reform so that young people explore the many possible ways in which current systems can change to support sustainability, in which current lifestyles reflect these systems, and in which their own actions can contribute to a sustainable future.     

实施可持续发展战略的防灾减灾对策

通过阐述灾害的自然生态、社会经济成因及危害,说明可持续发展跨世纪人类发展战略的根本变革,防灾减灾是实施可持续发展战略的重要环节,提出了防灾减灾对策。     

氮肥种类及用量对赤红壤pH和可溶性盐的影响

为了探讨施用氮肥对赤红壤性土壤pH和可溶性盐的影响,以赤红壤上发育的水稻土为供试土壤,以油麦菜(Lactucasativa L)为栽培作物,采用盆栽试验,研究了在施等量的磷(P2O5 0.08 g·kg-1)、钾(K2O 0.16 g·kg-1)条件下,尿素、硫酸铵、氯化铵、硝酸铵4个氮肥品利吸其不同用量水平(0、0.08、0.16、0.24和0.32 g·kg-1)下土壤的pH和可溶性盐的变化情况.结果表明,施用氮肥的利,类及用量对赤红壤性土壤的pH、可溶性盐及K 、Na 、Ca2 和Mg2 的质量分数有显著影响;随着氮肥用量的增加,土壤pH显著降低,而可溶性盐及K 、Na .、Ca2 和Mg2 的质量分数则升高;在各施氮水平下,(NH4)2SO4、NH4Cl对土壤pH、可溶性盐及K 、Na 、Ca2 和Mg2 的质量分数的影响总体上明显大于CO(NH2)2、NH4NO3.     

工业废弃地再开发的可持续性评价方法回顾

可持续发展取得共识后,可持续性评价工具大量出现,工业废弃地再开发中也广泛应用.根据对可持续性理解的不同,工业废弃地再开发的可持续性评价方法可以分为目标驱动型和过程驱动型两大类型:目标驱动型往往扩展为"目标-指标评价法",而且根据目标的差异,可以分为单项和综合方法,后者可分为制度性和参与性框架,参与性框架又可以分为自上而下型和自下而上型;过程驱动型包括SEA驱动型和EIA驱动型,前者往往与相关的土地规划有关,后者通常以项目为基础.总之,工业废弃地再开发可持续性评价方法的演进与其基础理论演变和社会变化有密切关系,一方面日益与开发和决策过程相结合,另一方面也更加关注公共参与.借鉴各国工业废弃地可持续再开发的经验,把握可持续性评价的发展趋势,将促进我国城市土地资源的可持续利用,有利于构建"资源集约型"、"环境友好型"的循环型社会.     

红斑体虫的污泥减量效果

为了实现红斑顠体虫捕食污泥减量化,对不同条件下红斑顠体虫的污泥减量效果进行实验研究。实验结果表明:红斑顠体虫的污泥减量速率随初始MLSS及温度的增大而增大,初始MLSS越高,污泥减量速率越大。污泥减量速率随红斑顠体虫密度变化率的增大而逐渐增大,当红斑顠体虫的密度增长率出现下降时,污泥减量速率也呈下降趋势。采用间歇曝气(12 h曝气,12 h停曝)方式,红斑顠体虫的污泥减量速率会显著下降。在污泥好氧消化时,红斑顠体虫能捕食污泥中的有机碎片和细菌,达到污泥稳定化的指标要求。     

An evaluation of improvements in the air quality of Beijing arising from the use of new vehicle emission standards

An innovative approach of mean emission by vehicle type was used in this paper to assess the impact of new vehicle emission standards in Beijing, China during the period of 2000–2005. It was found that CO and NO_x emissions decreased by 48% and 23%, respectively, from Type O (before 2000) to Type I (year 2000) vehicles. The reductions from Type O to Type II (year 2002) vehicles were 85% and 73% for CO and NO_x, respectively. When all three types of vehicles (Types O, I and II) are combined, the annual per vehicle CO emissions decreased from 586 kg per vehicle per year in 2000 to 324 kg per vehicle per year in 2005, while that of NO_x decreased from 66.9 to 43.4 kg per vehicle per year, which was mainly resulted from the impact of stringent new vehicle emission standards implemented in years 2000 and 2002. However, the vehicle population increased by 70% during the same time period, which offset the impact of cleaner vehicles. Thus, the total vehicle emission decreased little for CO (885,000 tons in 2000, 837,000 tons in 2005) and even increased slightly for NO_x (101,000 and 112,000 tons in 2000 and 2005, respectively). The ambient concentrations of CO decreased significantly throughout 2000–2005, the same trend was not observed for NO₂. Correlation analysis (grey correlation and Pearson correlation) between the annual vehicle emissions and annual concentrations of CO, the annual NO_x emission and annual NO₂ concentration indicated that the implementation of new vehicle emission standards was associated with the abatement of ambient CO and NO₂ concentrations in Beijing.     

Nano-oxides washcoat for enhanced catalytic oxidation activity toward the perovskite-based monolithic catalyst

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In order to explore a superior washcoat material to give full play to the catalytic activity of perovskite active components on the monolithic...